Which method involves using computers to model weather through equations?

The method that involves using computers to model weather through equations is numerical weather prediction. This approach relies on mathematical models that describe the physical processes of the atmosphere. By utilizing a variety of atmospheric data—including temperatures, humidity, wind patterns, and pressure—the equations simulate the behavior of the atmosphere over time. This allows meteorologists to create forecasts by solving these equations using computer algorithms.

In contrast, satellite imaging primarily involves the use of satellite technology to observe and capture images of weather phenomena from space. While this captures real-time data about current conditions, it does not involve the mathematical modeling component found in numerical weather prediction.

Climate modeling, on the other hand, focuses on simulating long-term climate patterns and their changes over extended periods rather than short-term weather forecasting. Lastly, experimental forecasting may involve testing different techniques or models to predict weather but does not specifically denote the use of computer modeling through equations.

Therefore, numerical weather prediction is the distinct method characterized by its use of computational models to project future weather scenarios.